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Updated: Aug 9, 2026

Evaluation of Host-Pathogen Responses and Vaccine Efficacy in Mice
Published on: February 22, 2019
Issues related to the decennial tetanus-diphtheria toxoid booster recommendations in adults
1Department of Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA.
Abstract:
In terms of disease prevention, reduction of adverse reactions, and cost benefit studies, a strong case can be made for a policy that focuses on assuring high levels of primary immunization with tetanus and diphtheria (Td) toxoids and abandons the decennial Td booster in favor of a single midlife booster at age 50-65 years. The addition of acellular pertussis antigens to Td for routine use in adults has potential problems in terms of schedule, cost, and possible adverse reactions. Careful risk/benefit studies are necessary to evaluate its effectiveness and priority.
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