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Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Development of a Hepatitis B Virus Reporter System to Monitor the Early Stages of the Replication Cycle
Published on: February 1, 2017
Hepatitis vaccines
1Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive Disease and Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
Abstract:
The development of highly effective and safe inactivated HAV vaccines and highly effective and safe recombinant HBsAg subunit HBV vaccines represents major advances in the control of viral hepatitis, but many challenges remain. Because current HAV immunization recommendations target high-risk groups only, infection rates are unlikely to fall dramatically until universal childhood immunization programs are implemented. Routine HBV vaccination of infants, children, adolescents, and individuals at high risk will reduce the incidence of infection, but vaccine nonresponsiveness and escape mutants are important potential challenges. Whether either HAV or HBV vaccine provide lifelong protection remains to be determined. Vaccines for HDV, HEV, and HCV are not yet available.
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