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Related Experiment Videos

Screening for chlamydial infection.

H D Nelson1, M Helfand

  • 1Division of Medical Informatics and Outcomes Research and Evidence-based Practice Center, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon 97201-3098, USA. nelsonh@ohsu.edu

American Journal of Preventive Medicine
|April 18, 2001
PubMed
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Screening women for chlamydial infection reduces pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) incidence. Age under 25 is a key risk factor, and DNA amplification tests offer accurate detection for both men and women.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Preventive Medicine

Background:

  • Chlamydial infection is a common sexually transmitted infection with potential long-term health consequences.
  • Previous recommendations for screening and treatment were established in 1996.
  • Updated evidence is needed to inform current screening strategies for chlamydia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of chlamydial infection screening and early treatment.
  • To assess screening strategies for nonpregnant women, pregnant women, and men.
  • To review the accuracy of diagnostic tests used for chlamydia screening.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of studies from January 1994 to July 2000.
  • Databases searched include MEDLINE, HealthSTAR, and Cochrane Library.

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  • Inclusion criteria focused on *Chlamydia trachomatis* genitourinary infections and screening effectiveness, risk factors, and test accuracy.

    • Main Results:

    • Screening women, particularly those under 25, reduces pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) incidence.
    • DNA amplification tests using various specimen types show high sensitivity and specificity for detecting chlamydia.
    • Limited data exist on screening effectiveness in pregnant women and men; age remains a primary risk factor.

    Conclusions:

    • Screening for *Chlamydia trachomatis* in women is effective in reducing PID incidence.
    • Current diagnostic tests, especially DNA amplification methods, are accurate for screening men and women.
    • Further research is needed to establish the benefits of screening asymptomatic men.