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Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus
1Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolic Diseases, Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. serge.jabbour@mail.tju.edu
Clinics in Laboratory Medicine
|April 27, 2001
Summary
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and nonketotic hyperosmolarity (NKH) are severe diabetes complications. Prompt medical intervention is crucial to reduce their significant mortality risks.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Disorders
- Diabetes Mellitus Research
Background:
- Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and nonketotic hyperosmolarity (NKH) represent critical, life-threatening complications arising from inadequately managed diabetes mellitus.
- These conditions are characterized by distinct clinical presentations and laboratory findings, necessitating prompt recognition and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the severe nature and characteristic features of DKA and NKH.
- To underscore the critical importance of timely and appropriate treatment in mitigating the high mortality rates associated with these diabetic emergencies.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical and laboratory features defining DKA and NKH.
- Analysis of mortality rates based on treatment efficacy.
Main Results:
- DKA and NKH present with specific clinical and laboratory profiles.
- Inadequate treatment of DKA is associated with mortality rates ranging from 15% to 28% and NKH with 17% to 50%.
Conclusions:
- DKA and NKH are severe diabetes complications requiring urgent medical attention.
- Effective management is paramount to reducing the substantial mortality associated with these conditions.