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In Vitro Scratch Assay to Demonstrate Effects of Arsenic on Skin Cell Migration
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An evaluation of thiram toxicity on cultured human skin fibroblasts.

C Cereser1, S Boget, P Parvaz

  • 1Laboratoire de Biochimie, UF Culture de Cellules, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Chemin du Grand Revoyet, Pierre-Bénite Cedex, France.

Toxicology
|May 5, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Thiram fungicide causes cell death in human skin cells, primarily through necrosis, not apoptosis. This toxic effect may stem from its oxidant properties and interaction with cellular molecules.

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Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Cell Biology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Thiram is a widely used fungicide and vulcanizing agent.
  • Limited knowledge exists regarding thiram's toxicity and cellular damage.
  • Few studies have investigated thiram's effects at the cellular and subcellular levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cytotoxic effects of thiram on cultured human skin fibroblasts.
  • To determine the type of cell death induced by thiram.
  • To explore potential mechanisms underlying thiram's toxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Exposure of human skin fibroblasts to varying concentrations of thiram.
  • Assessment of viable cell recovery using morphological and biochemical criteria.
  • Analysis of gene expression related to the extracellular matrix.
  • Monitoring of lactate production as an indicator of metabolic dysfunction.

Main Results:

  • Thiram exposure caused a dose- and time-dependent decrease in viable cell recovery.
  • 100% cell death was observed at a thiram concentration of 5.0 mg/l.
  • Thiram-induced cell death was identified as necrotic, not apoptotic.
  • No significant changes in extracellular matrix gene expression were observed.
  • A late increase in lactate production suggested mitochondrial metabolic pathway dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • Thiram exhibits significant cytotoxic effects on human skin fibroblasts, leading to necrotic cell death.
  • The observed mitochondrial dysfunction appears to be a secondary response to thiram toxicity.
  • Thiram's cytotoxic mechanism is likely related to its inherent oxidant properties and interaction with cellular molecules.