A possible role of apoptosis for regulating autoreactive responses in systemic lupus erythematosus

It has been reported that apoptotic cells are increased in the peripheral blood from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), where dysfunctions of T helper 1 (Th1) cells are known. In order to study whether apoptosis of Th1 cells is associated with the pathogenesis of SLE, early apoptotic cells in various T-cell subsets were detected using fluorescence-labeled annexin V (AnV). AnV binding was most frequently observed in CD4+CCR5+ T cells, and AnV binding rate (%) in this subset was higher in SLE than in normal controls (14.7 +/- 2.6), although that in active SLE (43.6 +/- 7.3) tended to be lower than that in inactive SLE (48.0 +/- 6.8). CD95/Fas expression was also increased in both active and inactive SLE. In some SLE patients, AnV binding rate changed in inverse proportion to titer of the serum anti-DNA antibody and in proportion to serum complement activity. These data suggest that apoptosis in Th1 cells is important in the pathogenesis of SLE and might play a role in regulating over-activation or autoreactive responses by T cells.