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Related Experiment Videos

Pneumolysin-induced complement depletion during experimental pneumococcal bacteremia.

R B Alcantara1, L C Preheim, M J Gentry-Nielsen

  • 1Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68105, USA.

Infection and Immunity
|May 12, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Pneumolysin from Streptococcus pneumoniae depletes complement (CH50, C3) in cirrhotic rats, reducing bacterial clearance. This highlights pneumolysin

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Cirrhosis is associated with impaired immune function.
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteremia can lead to complement system activation and depletion.
  • Pneumolysin is a key virulence factor of S. pneumoniae that can interact with the complement system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify complement depletion by pneumolysin during S. pneumoniae bacteremia in cirrhotic rats.
  • To assess the impact of pneumolysin expression on complement levels and opsonic capacity.
  • To investigate the role of complement in S. pneumoniae infections in the context of cirrhosis.

Main Methods:

  • Intravenous infection of cirrhotic and control rats with different S. pneumoniae strains expressing varying pneumolysin levels.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Measurement of bacterial clearance, serum hemolytic complement (CH50) activity, complement C3 levels, and serum opsonic capacity.
  • Correlation analysis between complement levels, bacterial load, and pneumolysin expression.

    • Main Results:

    • Cirrhotic rats exhibited lower baseline and post-infection CH50 and C3 levels compared to controls.
    • Changes in CH50 and C3 levels correlated with bacterial load in rats infected with pneumolysin-expressing S. pneumoniae.
    • Sera from infected cirrhotic rats showed reduced C3 levels and lower opsonizing activity against S. pneumoniae.

    Conclusions:

    • Pneumolysin expression by S. pneumoniae significantly depletes complement levels in a setting of limited complement, such as cirrhosis.
    • Reduced complement levels and opsonic activity due to pneumolysin contribute to impaired bacterial clearance.
    • These findings underscore the critical role of pneumolysin in S. pneumoniae pathogenesis, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.