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Pesticide-induced oxidative stress: perspectives and trends
B D Banerjee1, V Seth, R S Ahmed
1Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, University of Delhi, Shahdara Delhi, India. dbmi@ucms.ernet.in
Reviews on Environmental Health
|May 17, 2001
Summary
Pesticide toxicity involves oxidative stress, an imbalance between pro-oxidant and antioxidant mechanisms. Understanding risk factors and cellular events is crucial for pesticide safety evaluation and developing better risk-assessment models.
Area of Science:
- Toxicology
- Environmental Health
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Oxidative stress is a key mechanism in pesticide toxicity, but its underlying pathways are not fully understood.
- Pesticide intoxication disrupts antioxidant defenses, including enzymes and the glutathione redox system.
- Factors potentiating pesticide-induced oxidative stress, immunotoxicity, and apoptosis require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the mechanisms of pesticide-induced oxidative stress.
- To discuss factors influencing pesticide toxicity, immunotoxicity, and apoptosis.
- To explore the potential of plant products in understanding and mitigating oxidative stress damage.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on cellular and molecular events in experimental animals.
- Analysis of factors contributing to pesticide-induced oxidative stress.
- Examination of antioxidant defense systems and their alterations.
Main Results:
- Pesticide-induced oxidative stress results from an imbalance in pro-oxidant and antioxidant mechanisms.
- Specific factors can potentiate pesticide-induced oxidative stress, immunotoxicity, and apoptosis.
- Alterations in antioxidant enzymes and the glutathione system are observed during pesticide intoxication.
Conclusions:
- Understanding cellular and molecular events is vital for pesticide risk assessment.
- Identifying risk factors is essential for evaluating pesticide safety.
- Plant-derived compounds may offer insights into repair mechanisms for oxidative stress injuries.