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Ethanol-modified subcritical water extraction combined with solid-phase microextraction for determining atrazine in

M S Curren1, J W King

  • 1National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, Illinois 61604, USA. currenms@mail.ncaur.usda.gov

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
|May 23, 2001
PubMed
Summary

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A new method uses ethanol-modified subcritical water and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) to efficiently extract the pesticide atrazine from beef kidney samples. This approach offers a rapid and sensitive analysis for food safety.

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Environmental Science
  • Food Safety

Background:

  • Pesticide residue analysis in food is crucial for public health.
  • Traditional methods often involve hazardous solvents or lengthy procedures.
  • There is a need for rapid, sensitive, and environmentally benign analytical techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, rapid, and sensitive extraction method for atrazine in beef kidney.
  • To utilize environmentally friendly solvents and in-situ sample cleanup techniques.
  • To validate the method's efficiency, recovery, and detection limits.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a method combining ethanol-modified subcritical water extraction with matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) using XAD-7 HP.
  • Optimized solvent composition (30% ethanol in water), solvent volume, and extraction time.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Employed Carbowax-divinylbenzene SPME fibers for sample collection and ion-trap GC/MS for analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved complete atrazine extraction using 30% ethanol in water at 100°C and 50 atm.
    • Demonstrated high average percent recoveries (104% and 111%) at spiked levels of 2 and 0.2 µg/g.
    • Established a method limit of detection of 20 ng/g with good reproducibility (RSDs of 10% and 9%).

    Conclusions:

    • The developed method is effective for the rapid and sensitive determination of atrazine in beef kidney.
    • The combination of subcritical water extraction and SPME offers an environmentally friendly alternative.
    • This technique contributes to improved food safety monitoring and pesticide residue analysis.