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Chronic cellular dehydration in the aged patient.

P Ritz1,

  • 1Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France. paritz@chu-angers.fr

The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
|May 31, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Elderly individuals with diseases show reduced intracellular water (ICW) and increased extracellular water (ECW), indicating cellular dehydration. Healthy elderly adults maintain normal water distribution compared to younger adults.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Human Physiology
  • Body Composition Analysis

Background:

  • Aging is associated with reduced fat-free mass and altered body water distribution.
  • Disease states in the elderly can further impact hydration and body composition.
  • Understanding these changes is crucial for geriatric care and nutritional assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare body water spaces and cellular hydration in adults, healthy elderly individuals, and elderly patients with diseases.
  • To investigate the impact of disease on hydration status in the aging population.

Main Methods:

  • An open study involving 85 diseased elderly persons, 68 healthy elderly adults, and 35 adults.
  • Direct measurement of Total Body Water (TBW), Extracellular Water (ECW), and Fat-Free Mass (FFM).

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  • Calculation of Intracellular Water (ICW) and Body Cell Mass.

    • Main Results:

    • Fat-Free Mass (FFM), Total Body Water (TBW), and Intracellular Water (ICW) were highest in adults, followed by healthy elderly, and lowest in diseased elderly.
    • Extracellular Water (ECW) was significantly higher in diseased elderly patients compared to healthy elderly individuals.
    • Diseased patients exhibited a higher proportion of ECW and a lower proportion of ICW relative to TBW, suggesting cellular dehydration.

    Conclusions:

    • Diseased elderly individuals experience a shift in body water composition, characterized by reduced ICW and expanded ECW.
    • The findings suggest a state of cellular dehydration in elderly patients with diseases.
    • These alterations in body water distribution have implications for health and disease management in the elderly.