[Recent advances in investigations into brain function and its clinical application]

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Medical Imaging
• Clinical Neurology

Background:

• Understanding brain function is crucial for clinical applications.
• Technological advancements have expanded diagnostic capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an overview of recent advancements in brain function investigations.
• To categorize and describe various neuroimaging and electrophysiological techniques.
• To report clinical case examples diagnosed using these technologies.

Main Methods:

• Investigations categorized into brain electric activity, imaging of activated brain tissue, and metabolic information collation.
• Techniques include electroencephalogram (EEG), dipole tracing (DT), magnetoencephalogram (MEG), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and magnetic resonance spectrometry (MRS).

Main Results:

• Overview of EEG, DT, and MEG for brain electric activity.
• Description of SPECT, PET, and fMRI for imaging activated brain tissue.
• Explanation of MRS for metabolic information.
• Presentation of diagnosed cases utilizing these advanced technologies.

Conclusions:

• These advanced investigation methods offer significant insights into brain function.
• The described technologies are valuable tools for diagnosing various neurological conditions.
• Further application of these techniques promises enhanced clinical outcomes.