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Astigmatism in infancy and childhood
1Department of Optics, Physics Faculty, University of Valencia, Spain.
Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
|June 8, 2001
Summary
The prevalence of astigmatism in Spanish children decreases significantly with age. Astigmatism types also shift, with
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Pediatric Optometry
- Public Health
Background:
- Astigmatism is a common refractive error affecting visual acuity.
- Understanding its prevalence in pediatric populations is crucial for early intervention.
- Previous studies show varying prevalence rates across different ethnicities and environments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of astigmatism in infants and children within a Spanish population.
- To analyze age-related changes in astigmatism prevalence and axis orientation.
Main Methods:
- Examined 478 children aged 2-12 years with astigmatism in Valencia Province, Spain.
- Classified participants into age-specific groups.
- Measured astigmatism error and axis orientation using noncycloplegic retinoscopy.
Main Results:
- Overall astigmatism prevalence (> or = 1.00 diopter) declined from 44.3% to 5.2% with increasing age.
- Prevalence of against-the-rule astigmatism decreased from 61.5% to 33.4% between ages 2 and 12.
- With-the-rule astigmatism increased from 23.1% to 66.6%, while oblique astigmatism decreased with age.
Conclusions:
- The observed prevalence and age-related trends of astigmatism in this Spanish cohort align with international findings.
- Factors like race, nutrition, and environment do not appear to significantly alter these trends compared to existing literature.
- This study reinforces the understanding of astigmatism's natural progression during childhood.
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