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Updated: Jul 16, 2026
System for Efficacy and Cytotoxicity Screening of Inhibitors Targeting Intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Published on: April 5, 2017
Treatment of isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis in southeastern Texas
P Escalante1, E A Graviss, D E Griffith
1Sections of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Institute for the Study of Human Bacterial Pathogenesis, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. Patricioe@aol.com
Background:
Isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis (INHr-TB) can be treated successfully with several treatment regimens. However, the optimal regimen and duration are unclear.
Study Objective:
To analyze the efficacy of treatment regimens used for INHr-TB in the southeastern Texas region.
Design:
Retrospective cohort study.
Setting:
Health-care facilities reporting tuberculosis (TB) patients in the Houston and Tyler areas.
Subjects:
All patients reported to have INHr-TB from 1991 to 1998. Exclusion criteria included poor compliance, additional first-line drug-resistance (except aminoglycosides), and death before completion of 1 month of treatment.
Measurements And Results:
Main treatment outcomes were treatment failure, relapse, and TB-related death. Fifty-three of 83 patients were included in the study; aminoglycoside resistance coexisted in 37.5% of isolates. Seven types of treatment regimens were identified. Eighteen patients (34%) received rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol thrice weekly for 9 months. Four patients (7.5%) had a total effective treatment duration of < 9 months. Thirty patients (56.6%) and 16 patients (30.2%) received thrice-daily and daily treatment regimens, respectively. Forty-nine patients achieved sputum conversion. Treatment failure and death occurred in one patient (1.9%). Three patients (5.7%) experienced relapses. There was a significant difference in total effective treatment time between patients with and without relapses (8.3 +/- 1.1 months vs 11.1 +/- 2.1 months; p < 0.02). Twice-weekly treatment regimens were associated with relapse (p = 0.05).
Conclusions:
Several treatment regimens were prescribed for INHr-TB in southeastern Texas. INHr-TB treatment durations were > 7 months, and treatment regimen efficacy was adequate. Twice-weekly treatment was associated with relapse, whereas thrice-weekly and daily treatments performed similarly. A prospective study with different treatment durations is needed to determine the optimal treatment regimen for patients with INHr-TB.
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