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Related Experiment Videos

Does DSM-IV Asperger's disorder exist?

S D Mayes1, S L Calhoun, D L Crites

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, USA.

Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology
|June 20, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Diagnosis of Asperger's disorder is unlikely in children meeting autism criteria. All participants exhibited communication impairments, leading to an autism diagnosis under DSM-IV, not Asperger's.

Area of Science:

  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Child Psychology

Background:

  • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) encompasses a range of neurodevelopmental conditions.
  • Diagnostic criteria, such as those in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV), are crucial for differentiating ASD subtypes.
  • Previous research has explored the overlap and distinctions between autistic disorder and Asperger's disorder.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the applicability of DSM-IV criteria for autistic disorder and Asperger's disorder in a clinical sample of children.
  • To investigate whether children diagnosed with Asperger's disorder meet the specific DSM-IV criteria for this diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Applied DSM-IV diagnostic criteria to 157 children with existing clinical diagnoses of autism or Asperger's disorder.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessed for core symptoms of social impairment and restricted, repetitive behaviors and interests.
  • Evaluated the presence of DSM-IV communication impairments.

    • Main Results:

    • All 157 children met the DSM-IV criteria for autistic disorder.
    • No children met the DSM-IV criteria for Asperger's disorder, even those with normal intelligence and no early speech delay.
    • The presence of DSM-IV communication impairments in all children necessitated an autistic disorder diagnosis, precluding an Asperger's disorder diagnosis.

    Conclusions:

    • The study suggests that a DSM-IV diagnosis of Asperger's disorder is unlikely or impossible given the current criteria.
    • Findings align with previous research indicating significant overlap and diagnostic challenges in differentiating these conditions.
    • Clinical application of DSM-IV criteria consistently leads to autistic disorder diagnoses when communication impairments are present.