Case report. Disseminated cutaneous cryptococcosis in an immunocompetent host

Area of Science:

• Mycology
• Dermatology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Cryptococcosis is a fungal infection primarily affecting immunocompromised individuals.
• Disseminated cutaneous cryptococcosis (DCC) presents as widespread skin lesions.
• Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing cryptococcal infections.

Observation:

• A 50-year-old Indian female presented with multiple, 5-month-old cutaneous lesions on her back, thigh, and extremities.
• Clinical presentation suggested a disseminated skin infection.

Findings:

• Diagnosis of disseminated cutaneous cryptococcosis was confirmed by demonstrating and isolating *Cryptococcus neoformans* from skin aspirate and biopsy.
• Serological testing for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) antibodies was negative.
• The patient showed a positive clinical response to itraconazole therapy.

Implications:

• This case highlights that disseminated cutaneous cryptococcosis can occur in apparently immunocompetent individuals.
• Itraconazole is an effective treatment option for disseminated cutaneous cryptococcosis.
• Prompt microbiological diagnosis is essential for initiating appropriate antifungal therapy.