Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Therapeutic interventions for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews·2008
Same author

Therapeutic interventions for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews·2007
Same author

Prevalence and spectrum of bacterial co-infection during fungal keratitis.

The British journal of ophthalmology·2006
Same author

Interventions for herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews·2003
Same author

Curvularia keratitis.

Transactions of the American Ophthalmological Society·2002
Same author

Age of the emergence of negative attitudes toward strabismus.

Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus·2001

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 18, 2025

Comparison of Agreement and Accuracy using Binocular Wavefront Optometer with Autorefractor and Phoropter
05:14

Comparison of Agreement and Accuracy using Binocular Wavefront Optometer with Autorefractor and Phoropter

Published on: September 16, 2025

343

The Draize eye test.

K R Wilhelmus1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Survey of Ophthalmology
|June 27, 2001
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Draize eye test, used for decades to assess chemical safety, is facing challenges due to ethical concerns and scientific advancements. New in vitro and clinical methods are emerging to replace animal testing for ocular irritancy.

More Related Videos

Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents
10:10

Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents

Published on: February 15, 2022

1.6K
Eye-Tracking Control to Assess Cognitive Functions in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
07:00

Eye-Tracking Control to Assess Cognitive Functions in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Published on: October 13, 2016

8.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 18, 2025

Comparison of Agreement and Accuracy using Binocular Wavefront Optometer with Autorefractor and Phoropter
05:14

Comparison of Agreement and Accuracy using Binocular Wavefront Optometer with Autorefractor and Phoropter

Published on: September 16, 2025

343
Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents
10:10

Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents

Published on: February 15, 2022

1.6K
Eye-Tracking Control to Assess Cognitive Functions in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
07:00

Eye-Tracking Control to Assess Cognitive Functions in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Published on: October 13, 2016

8.5K

Area of Science:

  • Ocular Toxicology
  • Chemical Safety Assessment
  • In Vitro Toxicology

Background:

  • The Draize eye test, a government-endorsed method, evaluates ocular toxicity by instilling substances onto animal corneas.
  • Historically developed post-chemical warfare research, it aimed to ensure consumer product safety, particularly for cosmetics.
  • The test assesses ocular morbidity through standardized protocols on laboratory animals like rabbits.

Discussion:

  • Modern advances in ocular toxicology question the Draize test's validity, precision, relevance, and necessity.
  • Ethical concerns regarding animal welfare in preclinical product-safety testing are increasingly prominent.
  • The Draize test has become a focal point for discussions on animal treatment in scientific and industrial practices.

Key Insights:

  • A range of cellular systems and computational models are being developed to reduce and replace whole-animal testing.
  • Molecular measures of ocular toxicity offer potential for comprehensive human screening.
  • The Draize test, while historically beneficial in preventing harm, is being challenged by emerging alternatives.

Outlook:

  • The future of ocular toxicity testing involves a progressive shift away from traditional animal models.
  • In vitro and clinical alternatives are poised to supplant the Draize test for ocular surface irritancy assessment.
  • Advancements aim for more ethical, precise, and human-relevant methods in chemical safety evaluation.