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Interaction between Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and swine influenza virus

E L Thacker1, B J Thacker, B H Janke

  • 1Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA. ethacker@iastate.edu

Journal of Clinical Microbiology
|June 28, 2001
PubMed

Insights

Dual infection with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and swine influenza virus (SIV) in pigs caused more severe clinical signs of pneumonia. However, the potentiation was less than with PRRSV, showing varied pathogen interactions.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Animal Pathology
  • Respiratory Diseases

Background:

  • Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae causes chronic bronchopneumonia in swine.
  • M. hyopneumoniae is known to potentiate viral pneumonia caused by PRRSV.
  • The interaction between M. hyopneumoniae and SIV in swine pneumonia requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interaction between Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and swine influenza virus (SIV) in inducing pneumonia in pigs.
  • To compare the potentiation of SIV-induced pneumonia by M. hyopneumoniae with previous findings involving PRRSV.

Main Methods:

  • Pigs were inoculated with M. hyopneumoniae 21 days before SIV inoculation.
  • Clinical signs (cough, fever) were monitored daily.
  • Lung lesions (macroscopic and microscopic) were assessed at 3, 7, 14, and 21 days post-SIV inoculation.

Main Results:

  • Dual-infected pigs showed significantly more coughing than single-infected pigs.
  • Macroscopic pneumonia was most severe in SIV-infected groups early on, but more severe in dual-infected pigs by day 14.
  • By day 21, pneumonia in dual-infected pigs resembled M. hyopneumoniae-only infection, while SIV-only pneumonia resolved.
  • Microscopic lesion severity did not significantly increase in dual-infected pigs.

Conclusions:

  • While dual M. hyopneumoniae and SIV infection leads to increased clinical severity, the potentiation is less pronounced than with M. hyopneumoniae and PRRSV.
  • These findings highlight that the interaction between mycoplasmas and viruses in swine respiratory disease is agent-specific.

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