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Updated: Aug 17, 2026

Monitoring Functionality and Morphology of Vasculature Recruited by Factors Secreted by Fast-growing Tumor-generating Cells
Published on: November 23, 2014
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 regulates tumor growth and angiogenesis
G A McMahon1, E Petitclerc, S Stefansson
1Department of Vascular Biology, The Holland Laboratory, American Red Cross, Rockville, Maryland 20855, USA.
Abstract:
Elevated expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in tumors is associated with a poor prognosis in many cancers. Reduced tumor growth and angiogenesis have also been reported in mice deficient in PAI-1. These results suggest that PAI-1 may be required for efficient angiogenesis and tumor growth. In the present study, we demonstrate that PAI-1 can both enhance and inhibit the growth of M21 human melanoma tumors in nude mice and that this appears to be due to PAI-1 regulation of angiogenesis. Quantitative analysis of angiogenesis in a Matrigel implant assay indicated that in PAI-1 null mice angiogenesis was reduced approximately 60% compared with wild-type mice, while in mice overexpressing PAI-1, angiogenesis was increased nearly 3-fold. Furthermore, addition of PAI-1 to implants in wild-type mice enhanced angiogenesis up to 3-fold at low concentrations but inhibited angiogenesis nearly completely at high concentrations. Together, these data demonstrate that PAI-1 is a potent regulator of angiogenesis and hence of tumor growth and suggest that understanding the mechanism of this activity may lead to the development of important new therapeutic agents for controlling pathologic angiogenesis.
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