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Host-pathogen interactions: the attributes of virulence.

A Casadevall1, L Pirofski

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases of the Department of Medicine and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA. casadeva@aecom.yu.edu

The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|July 10, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Microbial virulence depends on host factors, not just pathogen traits. Host damage is proposed as a unifying concept to understand diverse host-microbe interaction outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Pathogenesis

Background:

  • Microbial virulence is a complex outcome of host-microbe interactions.
  • Virulence is influenced by host susceptibility, seen in immunocompromised individuals.
  • Pathogen-centered views focusing solely on virulence factors are insufficient.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate the definition of microbial virulence.
  • To explore a unifying concept for host-microbe interaction outcomes.
  • To address the paradox of virulence expression dependent on host factors.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of host-microbe interaction.
  • Review of existing literature on virulence and pathogenicity.
  • Development of a new theoretical framework for understanding virulence.

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Main Results:

  • Microbial virulence is not solely determined by pathogen characteristics.
  • Host factors significantly modulate the outcome of microbial infections.
  • The concept of virulence is paradoxical as it requires a susceptible host.

Conclusions:

  • Host damage serves as a common denominator for various host-microbe interaction outcomes.
  • A host-centric perspective is crucial for understanding microbial pathogenicity.
  • Redefining pathogens requires considering the interaction's outcome, not just microbial factors.