Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 2, 2026

Prediction and Validation of Gene Regulatory Elements Activated During Retinoic Acid Induced Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation
Published on: June 21, 2016
ER quality control: towards an understanding at the molecular level
1Institute of Biochemistry, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, CH-8092, Zürich, Switzerland. lars.ellgaard@bc.biol.ethz.ch
Abstract:
The process of 'quality control' in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) involves a variety of mechanisms that collectively ensure that only correctly folded, assembled and modified proteins are transported along the secretory pathway. In contrast, non-native proteins are retained and eventually targeted for degradation. Recent work provides the first structural insights into the process of glycoprotein folding in the ER involving the lectin chaperones calnexin and calreticulin. Underlying principles governing the choice of chaperone system engaged by different proteins have also been discovered.
Related Concept Videos
Negative Regulator Molecules
Covalently Linked Protein Regulators
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein.
Rab Proteins
Rab proteins switch between a cytosolic, GDP-bound inactive state and a membrane-anchored, GTP-bound active state. By themselves, Rabs show slow rates of GDP/GTP exchange and GTP hydrolysis. Thus, Rab proteins are considered...
Protein Folding Quality Check in the RER
The Retinoblastoma Gene
The first-ever tumor suppressor gene called Rb was identified in retinoblastoma - a rare eye tumor in children. In inherited forms of the disease, a child inherits one defective copy of the Rb gene, which predisposes them to retinoblastoma. However,...

