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Protein Z in ischaemic stroke.

K Kobelt¹, F D Biasiutti, H P Mattle

¹Central Haematology Laboratory, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland.

British Journal of Haematology

|July 27, 2001

Summary

High protein Z plasma levels significantly increase the risk of ischaemic stroke. This study identifies protein Z as an independent risk factor for stroke, suggesting potential new diagnostic markers.

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Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Vascular Medicine
Hematology

Background:

Ischaemic stroke has numerous known risk factors, including elevated fibrinogen and factor VII.
Protein Z, a vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor, may promote thrombin assembly on phospholipid vesicles, potentially increasing coagulation.
Low protein Z levels have been linked to bleeding disorders, but its role in hypercoagulable states is less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between high plasma protein Z levels and ischaemic stroke.
To determine if elevated protein Z is an independent risk factor for ischaemic stroke.

Main Methods:

A case-control study was conducted with 157 ischaemic stroke patients and 192 control subjects.
Protein Z levels were measured in plasma samples from all participants.
Logistic regression analysis was used to adjust for established stroke risk factors.

Main Results:

A significant association was found between higher protein Z plasma levels and an increased risk of ischaemic stroke.
Individuals with protein Z levels >= 160% had an odds ratio of 4.3 for ischaemic stroke.
This association remained significant even after adjusting for known risk factors and excluding patients with a history of venous thromboembolism.

Conclusions:

High plasma protein Z levels are an independent risk factor for ischaemic stroke.
Elevated protein Z may contribute to a hypercoagulable state, increasing stroke risk.
Protein Z warrants further investigation as a potential biomarker for ischaemic stroke risk stratification.

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