Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 16, 2026

13:36
Scalable Fluidic Injector Arrays for Viral Targeting of Intact 3-D Brain Circuits
Published on: January 21, 2010
New facilities. Funding backlog at NSF sets off free-for-all
Abstract
No abstract available in PubMed .
Related Concept Videos
Free Energy
Free energy—abbreviated as G for the scientist Gibbs who discovered it—is a measurement of useful energy that can be extracted from a reaction to do work. It is the energy in a chemical reaction that is available after entropy is accounted for. Reactions that take in energy are considered endergonic and reactions that release energy are exergonic. Plants carry out endergonic reactions by taking in sunlight and carbon dioxide to produce glucose and oxygen. Animals, in turn, break down the...
Free Energy Changes for Nonstandard States
The free energy change for a process taking place with reactants and products present under nonstandard conditions (pressures other than 1 bar; concentrations other than 1 M) is related to the standard free energy change according to this equation:

