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How predation can slow, stop or reverse a prey invasion.

M R Owen1, M A Lewis

  • 1Department of Mathematical Sciences, Loughborough University, UK. M.R.Owen@lboro.ac.uk

Bulletin of Mathematical Biology
|August 11, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Insect herbivores can significantly slow or even reverse the spread of plant populations, such as lupins at Mount St. Helens. This study explores how predator-prey dynamics and spatial spread influence plant recolonization.

Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Mathematical Biology
  • Population Dynamics

Background:

  • Plant recolonization after disturbances, like at Mount St. Helens, is crucial for ecosystem recovery.
  • Previous observations suggest insect herbivores can impede plant spread, potentially reversing invasion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the ecological mechanisms by which herbivory can limit the spatial expansion of recolonizing plant species.
  • To derive conditions under which predation pressure can control plant invasions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of predator-prey reaction-diffusion models.
  • Examination of spatially coupled ordinary differential equation models.
  • Focus on models with slower prey (plant) dispersal than predator (herbivore) dispersal.

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Main Results:

  • Identified conditions where predation pressure can slow, stall, or reverse spatial plant invasions.
  • Demonstrated the influence of functional responses and dispersal rates on invasion dynamics.
  • Highlighted the importance of predator-prey interactions in primary succession.

Conclusions:

  • Herbivory can be a significant factor in regulating the spatial spread of plant populations.
  • Mathematical modeling provides insights into the ecological conditions favoring herbivore control of plant invasions.
  • Understanding these dynamics is vital for predicting and managing ecosystem recovery.