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Childhood constipation: evaluation and treatment
1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
Insights
Childhood constipation affects 5-10% of pediatric patients and is a common reason for pediatric gastroenterology visits. Effective management requires careful diagnosis, often without extensive testing, and involves physician and parent support alongside child cooperation.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Gastroenterology
- Child Health
Background:
- Constipation is a prevalent condition in children, affecting 5-10% of pediatric patients.
- It is the second most common referral in pediatric gastroenterology, comprising up to 25% of visits.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a practical approach to diagnosing and managing constipation in children.
- To outline evaluation and treatment options for practitioners unfamiliar with pediatric constipation.
Main Methods:
- Diagnosis relies on careful patient history and interpretation.
- Diagnostic tests are typically reserved for severely affected children.
Main Results:
- Childhood constipation is often triggered by painful bowel movements and changes in routine.
- Treatment can be challenging, requiring sustained effort.
Conclusions:
- Effective management necessitates a collaborative approach involving physicians, parents, and the child.
- Understanding the factors influencing bowel habits is crucial for successful treatment.
Abstract:
Constipation is common in children. It is estimated that between 5% and 10% of pediatric patients have constipation and/or encopresis. Constipation is the second most referred condition in pediatric gastroenterology practices, accounting for up to 25% of all visits. In this article, a practical approach is laid out for those not familiar with constipation in children. Emphasis is placed on the evaluation and management options that are available to the treating practitioner. The diagnosis of constipation requires careful history taking and interpretation. Diagnostic tests are not often needed and are reserved for those who are severely affected. The daily bowel habits of children are extremely susceptible to any changes in routine environment. Constipation and subsequent fecal retention behavior often begins soon after a child has experienced a painful evacuation. Childhood constipation can be very difficult to treat. It often requires prolonged support by physicians and parents, explanation, medical treatment, and, most important, the child's cooperation.