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Thought disorder in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

R Caplan1, D Guthrie, B Tang

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, USA. rcaplan@ucla.edu

Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
|August 15, 2001
PubMed
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Children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and schizophrenia exhibit thought disorder, but ADHD cases show less severe symptoms. This suggests impaired communication development in affected children.

Area of Science:

  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Thought disorder is a key symptom in schizophrenia.
  • Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may also involve disorganized thinking.
  • Understanding these differences is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare thought disorder and related cognitive functions in children with ADHD and schizophrenia.
  • To differentiate the characteristics of thought disorder between these two conditions.
  • To explore the association between cognitive variables and thought disorder in pediatric populations.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of speech samples from 115 children with ADHD, 88 with schizophrenia, and 190 controls (aged 8-15).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessment using structured psychiatric interviews, WISC-R, Continuous Performance Test, and Span of Apprehension task.
  • Coding of speech samples for the presence and severity of thought disorder.

    • Main Results:

    • Both ADHD and schizophrenic groups displayed significantly more thought disorder than controls.
    • ADHD subjects exhibited a narrower range and less severe thought disorder compared to schizophrenic subjects.
    • Younger children in both diagnostic groups showed more thought disorder than older children.
    • Cognitive factors like IQ, attention, and working memory were linked to thought disorder in ADHD, but not in schizophrenia.

    Conclusions:

    • Childhood thought disorder is not exclusive to schizophrenia.
    • It indicates broader issues with the developmental trajectory of communication skills in children.
    • This finding underscores the need for comprehensive developmental assessments in pediatric mental health.