Hyperopic refractive surgery.

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Refractive Surgery
• Corneal Surgery

Background:

• Hyperopia correction has a long history, but surgical success has lagged behind myopia correction.
• Recent advancements have improved the efficacy of hyperopic refractive surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current surgical techniques for hyperopia correction.
• To assess the success and challenges of various hyperopic refractive surgery procedures.

Main Methods:

• Review of established and emerging surgical techniques for hyperopia.
• Analysis of outcomes for corneal refractive surgery (photorefractive keratectomy, laser in situ keratomileusis), laser thermal keratoplasty, collagen shrinkage, and lens-based surgery.

Main Results:

• Laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) shows significant success for moderate hyperopia (up to 4-5 diopters) with astigmatism correction.
• Laser thermal keratoplasty and collagen shrinkage offer potential but face challenges like overcorrection and regression.
• Crystalline lens surgery and phakic intraocular lenses are promising but require further safety evaluation.

Conclusions:

• Surgical correction of hyperopia is evolving, with LASIK being a viable option.
• Emerging techniques and lens-based surgeries show promise but need continued research and safety validation.
• Hyperopic refractive surgery presents both challenges and rewards for ophthalmic surgeons.