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Short-term memory, working memory, and inhibitory control in children with difficulties in arithmetic problem

M C Passolunghi1, L S Siegel

  • 1University of Trieste, Italy. passolu@univ.trieste.it

Journal of Experimental Child Psychology
|August 21, 2001
PubMed
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Children struggling with math word problems show deficits in working memory and inhibitory control. This impacts their ability to ignore irrelevant information, particularly numerical data, hindering problem-solving skills.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Educational Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Working memory and inhibitory control are crucial for complex cognitive tasks.
  • Difficulties in arithmetic word problem solving may stem from underlying cognitive deficits.
  • Previous research suggests a link between executive functions and mathematical abilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between short-term memory, working memory, inhibitory control, and arithmetic word problem solving in children.
  • To compare cognitive profiles of children with and without arithmetic difficulties.
  • To identify specific executive function deficits in children who are poor at solving arithmetic word problems.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative study design involving children with poor arithmetic problem-solving skills and a matched control group.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilized working memory tasks specifically designed to assess inhibitory control over irrelevant information.
  • Employed span tasks to evaluate passive information storage, differentiating between numerical and verbal material.

    • Main Results:

    • Children with poor arithmetic problem-solving skills demonstrated a general deficit in inhibitory processes.
    • These children exhibited lower scores and increased intrusion errors in working memory tasks requiring inhibition.
    • Impairment was noted in retaining numerical information during passive storage tasks, but not verbal information.

    Conclusions:

    • Poor arithmetic problem solvers have a deficit in inhibitory control, affecting their working memory performance.
    • The ability to suppress irrelevant information is critical for effective arithmetic word problem solving.
    • Cognitive interventions targeting inhibitory control may benefit children with mathematical difficulties.