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Altered T cell signalling in ageing.

G Pawelec1, K Hirokawa, T Fülöp

  • 1Tübingen Ageing and Tumour Immunology Group, Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tübingen Medical School, Zentrum für Medizinsche Forschung, Waldhörnlestr. 22, D-72072, Tubingen, Germany. graham.pawelec@uni-tuebingen.de

Mechanisms of Ageing and Development
|August 21, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Aging impairs T cell signaling, affecting immune defenses against infections and cancer. This review explores how T cell receptor signaling, costimulation, and cytokine environments change with age, impacting overall immune function.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Gerontology
  • Cellular Signaling

Background:

  • T cell responses are crucial for host defense against pathogens and cancer.
  • Immune function, particularly T cell responses, declines with age, increasing susceptibility to disease.
  • Altered T cell function in aging is multifactorial, involving stem cell, differentiation, and signaling pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the alterations in T cell signaling pathways during the aging process.
  • To discuss the impact of these changes on immune responses to infections and cancer.
  • To highlight the roles of T cell receptor signaling, costimulation, and cytokine milieu in immune senescence.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article, synthesizing existing research on T cell signaling in aging.

Related Experiment Videos

  • It focuses on signal transduction mechanisms within T cells and their interactions.
  • The review examines changes in costimulatory signals and the cytokine environment.

    • Main Results:

    • Aging leads to dysregulated T cell signaling, compromising immune surveillance.
    • Key alterations include changes in T cell receptor (TCR) signal transduction.
    • Imbalances in positive and negative costimulation, along with a modified cytokine environment, contribute to T cell dysfunction in the elderly.

    Conclusions:

    • Altered T cell signaling is a significant contributor to the immunosenescence observed in aging.
    • Understanding these signaling changes is critical for developing strategies to enhance immune defenses in the aged population.
    • Restoring proper T cell signaling may improve outcomes for infectious diseases and cancer in older adults.