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Hindlimb unweighting affects rat vascular capacitance function.

S L Dunbar1, L Tamhidi, D E Berkowitz

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.

American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology
|August 22, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Microgravity increases venous compliance, reducing blood pressure response to standing. This study in rats suggests altered vascular mechanics contribute to impaired cardiac output in space.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Space Medicine
  • Animal Models

Background:

  • Microgravity impairs cardiac output during orthostatic stress.
  • Increased venous compliance is hypothesized to contribute to this impairment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of hindlimb unloading (simulating microgravity) on systemic, arterial, and venous compliance in rats.
  • To determine if altered vascular compliance contributes to the reduced stroke volume and cardiac output response to orthostatic stress.

Main Methods:

  • Used a cardiopulmonary bypass model in control and hindlimb unweighted (HLU) rats.
  • Measured total systemic vascular compliance (C(T)), arterial compliance (C(A)), and venous compliance (C(V)) at baseline and during norepinephrine (NE) infusion.
  • Quantified changes in unstressed vascular volume (DeltaV(0)) upon NE infusion.
Keywords:
NASA Discipline CardiopulmonaryNon-NASA Center

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Main Results:

  • HLU rats exhibited significantly larger C(T) and C(V) compared to controls, both at baseline and during NE infusion.
  • Norepinephrine decreased C(T) and C(V) in both groups, but C(A) remained similar between groups.
  • The NE-induced DeltaV(0) was significantly attenuated in HLU rats, indicating reduced vascular volume mobilization.

Conclusions:

  • Increased venous compliance and attenuated vascular volume mobilization in HLU rats may lead to decreased filling pressure during orthostasis.
  • These findings suggest altered vascular mechanics contribute to the impaired cardiac output response observed in astronauts after microgravity exposure.