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Related Experiment Videos

Postmortem tissue concentrations of venlafaxine.

K E Goeringer1, I M McIntyre, O H Drummer

  • 1Department of Forensic Medicine, Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Monash University, Southbank, Australia. kabrenae@vifp.monash.edu.au

Forensic Science International
|August 23, 2001
PubMed
Summary

This study investigated 12 fatalities where venlafaxine was detected. No deaths were solely attributed to venlafaxine intoxication, though it was often found with other substances.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Forensic Toxicology

Background:

  • Venlafaxine is a phenethylamine antidepressant inhibiting serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake.
  • Its metabolite, O-desmethylvenlafaxine (ODV), also inhibits serotonin reuptake.
  • Venlafaxine has a lower inhibitory effect on CYP 2D6 and 3A4 compared to SSRIs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and evaluate drug action mechanisms in 12 fatalities where venlafaxine was detected.
  • To quantify venlafaxine and ODV concentrations in postmortem tissues.
  • To assess potential drug interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) with atmospheric pressure ionization (API) electrospray was used for identification.
  • Analysis included postmortem blood, liver, vitreous humor, bile, urine, and gastric contents.

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  • Venlafaxine and ODV concentrations were determined in 12 cases.

    • Main Results:

    • Venlafaxine and ODV concentrations varied across tissues (e.g., peripheral blood: 0.1-36 mg/l for venlafaxine, <0.05-3.5 mg/l for ODV).
    • Venlafaxine was frequently detected alongside other drugs like alcohol and benzodiazepines.
    • No fatalities were exclusively caused by venlafaxine overdose.

    Conclusions:

    • Over a 6-month period, no deaths were solely attributed to venlafaxine intoxication.
    • Venlafaxine's presence in fatalities often involved co-ingestion with other substances.
    • Further investigation into drug interactions is warranted.