[Small doses of ionizing radiation as radiation modifying factor]

To investigate the biological effects of small dose ionizing radiation has been acquiring greater importance. The awareness of how and in what direction it show its modifying effects in small doses is an essential scientific basis for developing standards, living conditions under specific environmental conditions. Cultured Hela cells and DEF 4/21 fibroblasts were used to evaluate the biological effects of small-dose ionizing radiation, by examining the conditions under which it showed its modifying effect in small doses (0.1 Gy) in particular. Preexposure to small-dose radiation was shown to alter cell responses to subsequent radiation in large doses. The modifying effects of small-dose radiation turned out to depend on the interval of exposure to small and large doses. Sensitization was recorded at an interval of 2-3 min; an adaptive response was achieved when the interval increased up to 3-5 hours. Upon exposure, intercellular contacts contribute to the modifying effects of small-dose radiation. There was neither effect of sensitization nor adaptive response if single cells were exposed to radiation.