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Related Concept Videos

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions01:20

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

10.0K
Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
The Integrin family of proteins is primarily  involved...
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Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions

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Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
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Selectins01:25

Selectins

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Cell adhesion is  an essential aspect of multicellularity. While stable cell interactions usually occur between cells of the same type, transient cell interactions occur between cells of different tissue types, such as between neutrophils and endothelial cells. Selectins are one class of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bind carbohydrate ligands to form transient cell adhesion. They are rod-like proteins with a long extracellular part of variable length ending with the lectin domain,...
4.4K
Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules01:31

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

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Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...
4.4K
Cell Adhesion in Plants01:14

Cell Adhesion in Plants

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Plants have rigid cell walls that are made up of cell wall polysaccharides that mediate cell-cell adhesion. The primary cell walls of plants consist of two independent and interacting polysaccharide networks: a pectin matrix that embeds the second network comprising cellulose and hemicelluloses.
Pectins are complex heteropolymers mainly composed of negatively-charged α-D-glucopyranosyl uronic acid and some neutral glycosyl residues such as α-L-rhamnopyranose, α-L-arabinofuranose,...
3.4K
Cadherins in Tissue Organization01:19

Cadherins in Tissue Organization

4.3K
The cadherins are a superfamily of cell adhesion molecules comprising over 180 variants, with specific tissues expressing a particular combination of cadherin types. Cadherins generally exhibit homophilic binding; i.e., cadherins on one cell bind to cadherins of the same or closely related type on another cell. Thus, cells of the same type have a specific affinity to bind to each other and sort themselves into clusters to form tissues.
Cell Sorting During Development
Cell sorting plays an...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Analyzing Cell Surface Adhesion Remodeling in Response to Mechanical Tension Using Magnetic Beads
07:55

Analyzing Cell Surface Adhesion Remodeling in Response to Mechanical Tension Using Magnetic Beads

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Galectins as modulators of cell adhesion.

R C Hughes1

  • 1National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK. chughes@nimr.mrc.ac.uk

Biochimie
|August 28, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Secreted galectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins regulating cell adhesion, motility, and polarity. Their dysregulation is linked to diseases like cancer and inflammation.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Galectins are a diverse family of carbohydrate-binding proteins found across metazoan organisms.
  • They are expressed in specific patterns within cells and tissues, often regulated during development.
  • While typically intracellular, some galectins are secreted and interact with cell surface or extracellular matrix glycoproteins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding secreted galectins.
  • To define the specificities and mechanisms of action of secreted galectins.
  • To highlight their roles as multifunctional regulators of cellular processes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on galectin function.
  • Analysis of galectin interactions with cell adhesion molecules (e.g., integrins) and matrix glycoproteins (e.g., laminin, fibronectin).

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Bead Aggregation Assays for the Characterization of Putative Cell Adhesion Molecules

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Static Adhesion Assay for the Study of Integrin Activation in T Lymphocytes
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Static Adhesion Assay for the Study of Integrin Activation in T Lymphocytes

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Analyzing Cell Surface Adhesion Remodeling in Response to Mechanical Tension Using Magnetic Beads
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Analyzing Cell Surface Adhesion Remodeling in Response to Mechanical Tension Using Magnetic Beads

Published on: March 8, 2017

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Bead Aggregation Assays for the Characterization of Putative Cell Adhesion Molecules
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Bead Aggregation Assays for the Characterization of Putative Cell Adhesion Molecules

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Static Adhesion Assay for the Study of Integrin Activation in T Lymphocytes
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  • Examination of galectin involvement in cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion modulation.

    • Main Results:

    • Galectins play crucial roles in regulating cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion.
    • These interactions are vital for normal cellular motility, polarity, and tissue formation.
    • Altered adhesive functions of galectins are implicated in diseases such as tumor progression, inflammation, and cystic kidney development.

    Conclusions:

    • Secreted galectins are key regulators of fundamental cellular processes.
    • Their specificities and mechanisms of action are critical for maintaining tissue homeostasis.
    • Dysfunctional galectin-mediated adhesion contributes to various pathological conditions.