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Published on: March 27, 2018
Differences between men and women in compliance with risk factor reduction: before and after coronary artery bypass
1Indiana University-Purdue University, Ft Wayne 46805, USA.
Insights
Men exhibit better adherence to heart-healthy lifestyles than women, both before and after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Post-surgery, both genders showed improved cardiovascular risk, indicating lifestyle changes are effective.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Health
- Lifestyle Medicine
- Surgical Outcomes
Background:
- Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is a significant cardiovascular event.
- Understanding gender differences in lifestyle compliance post-CABG is crucial for targeted interventions.
- The impact of surgical stress on long-term adherence to heart-healthy behaviors requires investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare gender-based compliance with heart-healthy lifestyles before and after CABG surgery.
- To determine if the stress of CABG surgery influences gender-specific lifestyle adherence.
- To assess changes in cardiovascular risk factors in relation to gender and surgical recovery.
Main Methods:
- A 2x2 repeated measures design was employed.
- 30 men and 30 women, at least one year post-CABG, were assessed using the RISKO Heart Hazard Appraisal Tool.
- Preoperative risk data were compared with postoperative assessments.
Main Results:
- Men demonstrated significantly lower RISKO scores than women, indicating better lifestyle compliance both pre- and post-surgery.
- A statistically significant improvement in RISKO scores was observed across the total population after surgery.
- These findings highlight gender disparities in adopting and maintaining heart-healthy behaviors following CABG.
Conclusions:
- Men generally exhibit superior adherence to heart-healthy lifestyles compared to women, even after CABG.
- CABG surgery is associated with improved cardiovascular risk profiles, irrespective of gender.
- Further research should explore strategies to enhance lifestyle compliance in women post-cardiac surgery.
Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to determine whether a difference exists between genders in compliance to a heart-healthy lifestyle and whether the stress of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery caused one of the genders to become more compliant. A convenience sample of 30 men and 30 women who had CABG surgery at least 1 year earlier and were enrolled in a follow-up program through a cardiovascular surgeon's office were interviewed to assess coronary artery disease risk. The instrument used was the RISKO Heart Hazard Appraisal Tool. Preoperative records were also reviewed with the same tool to assess a person's preoperative risk. The research design used was 2 x 2 repeated measures. Data were analyzed with 2 x 2 repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Two findings were discovered. First, a statistically significant difference exists between men and women (F = 5.82 P =.019), with men scoring lower RISKO scores than women, indicating lower cardiovascular risk and better compliance to a healthy lifestyle, both before and after surgery. Second, a significant difference exists between preoperative and postoperative RISKO scores in the total population (F = 8.77 P =.004). Postoperative RISKO scores were lower, indicating an improvement in cardiovascular risk. The risk factors assessed are applicable to both heart disease and peripheral vascular disease.
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