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Related Experiment Videos

Plant productivity in controlled environments.

F B Salisbury1, B Bugbee

  • 1Plant Science Department, Utah State University, Logan 84322-4820, USA.

Hortscience : a Publication of the American Society for Horticultural Science
|April 1, 1988
PubMed
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Controlled environment agriculture can yield significantly higher crop output for space missions. Optimized conditions produced wheat yields five times greater than field yields, suggesting feasibility for astronaut food production.

Area of Science:

  • Space agriculture
  • Controlled Environment Life-Support Systems (CELSS)
  • Astrobiology

Background:

  • Assessing farm requirements for space stations, Lunar, and Martian bases.
  • International research on optimizing crop production in controlled environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the feasibility of producing sufficient food for astronauts in limited space.
  • To evaluate the area and energy requirements for space-based agriculture.

Main Methods:

  • Manipulating environmental factors: temperature, light, photoperiod, CO2, humidity, root-zone, and cultivars.
  • Analyzing crop yields for wheat, potatoes, lettuce, and soybeans.
  • Evaluating data from closed-system experiments with human subjects.
Keywords:
NASA Discipline Life Support SystemsNASA Discipline Number 61-10NASA Program CELSSNon-NASA Center

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Main Results:

  • Achieved wheat yields of 24 g m-2 day-1 of edible biomass, exceeding field yields fivefold.
  • Demonstrated potential for 30 m2 of continuous production to support an astronaut's caloric and protein needs.
  • Human experiments showed up to 80% food self-sufficiency in closed systems.

Conclusions:

  • Controlled environment agriculture shows high potential for supporting astronauts in space.
  • Further research is needed to integrate agriculture with other CELSS components like waste management.
  • Space-based farming is a viable strategy for long-duration space missions.