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Radiation-induced syntheses in cometary simulated models.

A Negron-Mendoza1, E Chacon, R Navarro-Gonzalez

  • 1Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM, Mexico, DF.

Advances in Space Research : the Official Journal of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR)
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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High-dose ionizing radiation exposure altered a model cometary material, producing gases, amino acids, and polymers. This suggests cosmic rays and radionuclides chemically modified early cometary nuclei.

Area of Science:

  • Astrochemistry
  • Radiation Chemistry
  • Chemical Kinetics

Background:

  • Cometary nuclei are icy bodies containing organic molecules.
  • Ionizing radiation from cosmic rays and radionuclides is prevalent in space.
  • Understanding chemical evolution in comets is crucial for astrobiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the chemical transformations of an aqueous-dominant multicomponent cometary model under high doses of ionizing radiation.
  • To identify the products formed from the irradiation of a simulated cometary ice mixture.
  • To assess the potential role of radiation in altering the chemical composition of pristine cometary material.

Main Methods:

  • An aqueous mixture of HCN, CH3CN, C2H5CN, CH3OH, and HCO2H was subjected to gamma irradiation up to 18.5 MGy.

Related Experiment Videos

  • A chemical kinetic database with 79 reactions was used for computer treatment of experimental data.
  • Product analysis included identification of gases, amino acids, carboxylic acids, and polymeric material.

    • Main Results:

    • Irradiation of the cometary model resulted in the synthesis of a complex mixture of chemical products.
    • Observed products included various gases, amino acids, carboxylic acids, and polymeric substances.
    • The extent of chemical alteration was significant at high radiation doses.

    Conclusions:

    • The study demonstrates that ionizing radiation can significantly alter the chemical composition of cometary materials.
    • The formation of complex organic molecules suggests that radiation plays a key role in cometary chemical evolution.
    • These findings support the hypothesis that cosmic rays and radionuclides chemically modified pristine matter in cometary nuclei, potentially contributing to prebiotic chemistry.