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Related Experiment Videos

Effects of hypergravity on adherent human cells.

Y Gaubin1, F Croute, B Pianezzi

  • 1Laboratoire de Biologie cellulaire, Faculte de Medecine de Toulouse-Purpan, Toulouse, France.

Microgravity Science and Technology
|February 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Simulated hypergravity significantly reduced lung fibroblast proliferation and DNA content. However, dermic fibroblast elastase activity increased, while lung cancer cells remained unaffected, revealing cell-specific responses to altered gravity.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Gravitational Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Microgravity and hypergravity are known to influence cellular processes like growth and differentiation.
  • Simulating these conditions on Earth is challenging but crucial for understanding cellular responses.
  • Previous research indicates potential impacts of altered gravity on various cell types.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of chronic simulated hypergravity on human lung fibroblasts, dermic fibroblasts, and lung adenocarcinoma A 549 cells.
  • To quantify changes in cell proliferation, DNA content, protein content, elastase activity, and phospholipid composition.
  • To determine cell-specific responses to sustained hypergravity exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a centrifuge to simulate hypergravity (2 to 15 g) for 7 to 10 days.

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  • Cultured three human cell lines: lung fibroblasts, dermic fibroblasts, and A 549 cells.
  • Assessed cell proliferation, DNA content, protein content, elastase activity, and phospholipid profiles.

    • Main Results:

    • Lung fibroblasts exhibited a significant decrease in proliferation (10-20%) and DNA content (20-50%) under hypergravity.
    • Dermic fibroblast elastase activity showed a significant enhancement (8-13%) at 15 g.
    • A 549 cells displayed no significant changes in total phospholipid content or composition.

    Conclusions:

    • Chronic hypergravity differentially affects human cell lines, impacting lung fibroblast proliferation and DNA.
    • Altered gravity can modulate specific enzyme activities, such as elastase in dermic fibroblasts.
    • Lung adenocarcinoma cells appear resilient to the tested hypergravity conditions regarding phospholipid metabolism.