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In-situ resource utilization technologies for Mars life support systems.

K R Sridhar1, J E Finn, M H Kliss

  • 1Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA.

Advances in Space Research : the Official Journal of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR)
|September 7, 2001
PubMed
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Mars missions can utilize atmospheric resources for oxygen, water, and crucial buffer gas. In-situ resource utilization (ISRU) is key for self-sufficiency, safety, and cost savings, with buffer gas generation being a critical consideration.

Area of Science:

  • Planetary Science
  • Aerospace Engineering
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Mars' atmosphere contains resources vital for human exploration.
  • In-situ resource utilization (ISRU) is essential for sustainable human presence on Mars.
  • Current NASA efforts focus on ISRU for propellant production from the Martian atmosphere.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the buffer gas requirements for human missions to Mars.
  • To explore architectures for generating buffer gas from the Martian atmosphere.
  • To evaluate integrating buffer gas generation with propellant production plants.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of buffer gas needs based on mission parameters, including airlock losses.
  • Consideration of atmospheric separation, compression, and purification techniques.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Architectural design for buffer gas generation systems.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant quantities of buffer gas (metric tons) are required per mission.
    • Buffer gas is not a byproduct of current propellant ISRU technology.
    • Buffer gas can be sourced directly from the Martian atmosphere.

    Conclusions:

    • Buffer gas is a critical, non-negotiable consumable for human Mars missions.
    • Dedicated ISRU systems for buffer gas are necessary.
    • Integration of buffer gas production with propellant plants offers potential efficiencies.