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ASTROCULTURE (TM) root metabolism and cytochemical analysis.

D M Porterfield1, D J Barta, D W Ming

  • 1Dept. of Plant Pathology & Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University Agriculture Center, Baton Rouge, USA.

Advances in Space Research : the Official Journal of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR)
|September 7, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Spaceflight increased alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity in plant roots, indicating hypoxic conditions. This highlights the need for adequate root zone oxygenation in space-based plant growth systems.

Area of Science:

  • Plant Physiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Space Biology

Background:

  • Root system physiology relies on oxygen for respiration and nutrient/water acquisition.
  • Hypoxia (low oxygen) can impair plant physiological and biochemical functions.
  • Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity is a sensitive indicator of hypoxic stress in plants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure oxygen availability in the root zone of plants grown in Astroculture™ hardware.
  • To assess the impact of spaceflight on alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity in plant roots.
  • To investigate the localization of ADH enzyme within root tissues under spaceflight conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Biochemical assays were performed to measure ADH activity in spaceflight and control plant roots.
Keywords:
NASA Discipline Plant BiologyNASA Experiment Number 9600004Non-NASA Center

Related Experiment Videos

  • Cytochemical staining was used to determine the tissue localization of ADH.
  • Dwarf wheat and Brassica species were used for spaceflight and ground control experiments.

    • Main Results:

    • Spaceflight exposure significantly increased ADH activity in dwarf wheat roots (248-304%) and Brassica (334-579%) compared to controls.
    • Cytochemical analysis showed no significant differences in ADH tissue localization across treatments.
    • Elevated ADH activity suggests hypoxic conditions developed in the root zone during spaceflight.

    Conclusions:

    • Spaceflight induces hypoxic stress in plant root systems, evidenced by increased ADH activity.
    • The findings underscore the critical importance of root zone oxygenation for spaceflight plant cultivation systems.
    • This study confirms previous observations of an ADH response to spaceflight.