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Structural changes in arm muscles after microgravity.

M H Mayet-Sornay1, H Hoppeler, B S Shenkman

  • 1Laboratoire de Physiologie, Universite Lyon, France.

Journal of Gravitational Physiology : a Journal of the International Society for Gravitational Physiology
|September 7, 2001
PubMed
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Spaceflight causes muscle atrophy, but upper limb data is scarce. This study examined the effects of 14 days of microgravity on rhesus monkey triceps and biceps, finding muscle-specific adaptations in these upper limb muscles.

Area of Science:

  • Space physiology
  • Muscle biology
  • Primate research

Background:

  • Disuse muscle atrophy is a known effect of spaceflight.
  • Most prior research focused on lower limb muscles in rats and primates.
  • Limited data exists on upper limb muscle adaptations during space missions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of a 14-day spaceflight on upper limb muscles in rhesus monkeys.
  • To compare structural adaptations in a slow-twitch extensor (triceps) versus a fast-twitch flexor (biceps) muscle.
  • To determine if microgravity-induced muscle responses are specific to muscle type, function (flexor/extensor), or limb (upper/lower).

Main Methods:

  • 14-day spaceflight aboard a biosatellite.
  • Rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were used as subjects.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of structural changes in triceps and biceps muscles post-flight.

    • Main Results:

    • Spaceflight induced structural adaptations in both the triceps and biceps muscles.
    • The extent and nature of these adaptations differed between the slow-twitch triceps and the fast-twitch biceps.
    • Findings suggest muscle-specific responses to microgravity in the upper limbs.

    Conclusions:

    • Microgravity affects upper limb muscles in a manner that is specific to muscle fiber type and function.
    • The triceps and biceps muscles exhibit distinct structural adaptations following spaceflight.
    • Results support the hypothesis of muscle-specific responses, differentiating upper limb muscles from previously studied lower limb muscles.