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Temporal control and motor control: two functional modules which may be influenced differently under microgravity.

A Semjen1, G Leone, M Lipshits

  • 1Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences Cognitives, Chemin Joseph Aiguier, Marseille, France. Semjen@lnf.cnrs-mrs.fr

Human Movement Science
|September 7, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Spaceflight impairs motor timing regularity. Microgravity increased variability in inter-response intervals, suggesting changes in the internal timing module, affecting rhythmic movement precision.

Area of Science:

  • Human physiology
  • Space medicine
  • Motor control

Background:

  • Periodic movements require precise internal timing.
  • Spaceflight's effects on human motor control and timing are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of spaceflight on the regularity of periodic motor timing.
  • To differentiate between internal timing and motor implementation processes during spaceflight.

Main Methods:

  • Three subjects performed rhythmic button presses synchronized to visual stimuli and continued the rhythm without stimuli.
  • Inter-response intervals (IRIs) of 450, 550, and 650 ms were used.
  • Variance analysis partitioned timing into internal timekeeper and motor processes.

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Main Results:

  • Mean IRIs showed no systematic change during spaceflight.
  • Variability of IRIs significantly increased during spaceflight for both astronauts.
  • Variance attributed to the internal timekeeper increased, while motor process variance was inconsistent.

Conclusions:

  • Spaceflight appears to alter the functioning of the internal timing module.
  • This alteration leads to a slight impairment in the regularity of motor timing.
  • Findings suggest microgravity affects neural processes underlying temporal coordination.