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PTCH gene altered in dentigerous cysts.

B Pavelić1, S Levanat, I Crnić

  • 1School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.

Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine : Official Publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology
|September 14, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Genetic analysis of odontogenic cysts revealed PTCH gene involvement in dentigerous cyst development, with no evidence in radicular cysts. Radicular cysts showed neoplastic potential, suggesting other genetic factors may be involved.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral pathology
  • Molecular genetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Odontogenic keratocysts are linked to genetic alterations.
  • The PTCH gene is a key regulator in various developmental pathways.
  • Understanding the genetic basis of odontogenic cysts is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the PTCH gene in the development of dentigerous and radicular cysts.
  • To examine PTCH gene for polymorphism and expression in different odontogenic cyst types.
  • To compare the neoplastic potential of keratocysts, dentigerous, and radicular cysts using the Nm23 marker.

Main Methods:

  • Examined cyst epithelium for PTCH gene polymorphism on chromosome 9q22.3.
  • Assessed Loss of Heterozygosity (LOH) for D9S287 and D9S180 markers.

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  • Performed immunohistochemical analysis for PTCH expression in cyst linings.
  • Compared keratocysts, dentigerous, and radicular cysts for Nm23 marker expression.

    • Main Results:

    • Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in the PTCH gene region was observed in approximately 50% of dentigerous cysts.
    • No PTCH gene lesions were detected in radicular cysts.
    • PTCH gene expression was evident in dentigerous cyst linings, indicating pathway malfunction.
    • Radicular cysts showed an intermediate expression of Nm23 compared to keratocysts and dentigerous cysts.

    Conclusions:

    • The PTCH gene is implicated in the development of dentigerous cysts, suggesting a role in their neoplastic growth.
    • The PTCH gene does not appear to be involved in the development of radicular cysts.
    • Radicular cysts may share neoplastic characteristics with other odontogenic cysts, possibly due to different genetic factors.
    • Further research into other genetic alterations is warranted for radicular cyst development.