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Related Experiment Videos

Human herpesvirus latency.

R J Cohrs1, D H Gilden

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of Colorado, Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262, USA. randall.cohrs@uchsc.edu

Brain Pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)
|September 15, 2001
PubMed
Summary
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Herpesviruses establish lifelong latent infections in specific host cells. This review focuses on alphaherpesviruses, like herpes simplex virus 1 and varicella-zoster virus, detailing their latent infection characteristics.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Pathogen Biology

Background:

  • Herpesviruses are highly successful human pathogens causing lifelong infections.
  • Primary herpesvirus infections are often asymptomatic, with the virus establishing latency.
  • Three subfamilies of herpesviruses exist, each with unique host cell tropism and latency mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the characteristics of latent herpesvirus infections.
  • To highlight alphaherpesviruses, specifically herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, and varicella-zoster virus.
  • To describe the unique ecological niches and gene expression strategies viruses use to maintain latency.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of herpesvirus latency.
  • Analysis of viral adaptation to specific host cell types for latency.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of gene expression patterns during latent infection.

    • Main Results:

    • Neurotropic alphaherpesviruses (HSV-1, HSV-2, VZV) establish latency in ganglia.
    • Human cytomegalovirus (betaherpesvirus) establishes latency in myeloid progenitor cells.
    • Gammaherpesviruses (EBV) establish latency in B cells, potentially causing neurological issues.

    Conclusions:

    • Herpesviruses exhibit diverse strategies for establishing and maintaining lifelong latency.
    • Understanding viral latency mechanisms is crucial, especially for immunocompromised individuals.
    • Alphaherpesviruses, HSV-1 and VZV, serve as key examples for studying latent infection characteristics.