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Nitric oxide and cytokine synthesis in human African trypanosomiasis
L MacLean1, M Odiit, J M Sternberg
1Department of Zoology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, Scotland, United Kingdom.
Abstract:
Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of nitrate and the cytokines interferon (IFN)-gamma, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-10, and IL-4 were measured in 91 African trypanosomiasis patients before and after treatment. Nitrate levels overall were not significantly elevated over those for control persons, but a marginal increase in plasma nitrate was detected in patients reporting illness of <40 days' duration. Plasma IFN-gamma and total TNF-alpha concentrations increased during infection, but free TNF-alpha levels were low in all patients. The most dramatic cytokine response was for IL-10, which was significantly elevated in both plasma and CSF during infection but returned to control levels after treatment. The results indicate that human African trypanosomiasis leads to the development of a strong anti-inflammatory cytokine response.
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