Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Current concepts: diffuse axonal injury-associated traumatic brain injury.

J M Meythaler1, J D Peduzzi, E Eleftheriou

  • 1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, 35249-7330, USA. JMeythal@uab.edu

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
|October 6, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is a misnomer; it primarily affects specific brain regions after severe deceleration. Understanding DAI mechanisms is crucial for differentiating injury types and improving traumatic brain injury (TBI) treatment outcomes.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Memristive effects in oxygenated amorphous carbon nanodevices.

Nanotechnology·2017
Same author

The curious ability of polyethylene glycol fusion technologies to restore lost behaviors after nerve severance.

Journal of neuroscience research·2015
Same author

Is tantalum protective against infection in revision total hip arthroplasty?

The bone & joint journal·2015
Same author

Using the Agitated Behavior Scale to Evaluate Restlessness/Agitation Following Traumatic Brain InjuryA Case Example.

NeuroRehabilitation·2014
Same author

Modeling the formation of ordered nano-assemblies comprised by dendrimers and linear polyelectrolytes: the role of Coulombic interactions.

The Journal of chemical physics·2012
Same author

Treatment consent capacity in patients with traumatic brain injury across a range of injury severity.

Neurology·2012

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience and Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) research
  • Biophysics of cellular injury
  • Pathophysiology of the central nervous system (CNS)

Background:

  • Traumatic brain injury (TBI) encompasses various injury types, including diffuse axonal injury (DAI).
  • DAI is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality following head trauma.
  • Current understanding of DAI's physical and physiological mechanisms remains incomplete.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physical and physiological mechanisms underlying medical and neuropsychological complications of DAI-associated TBI.
  • To synthesize current scientific findings on DAI pathology and its clinical manifestations.
  • To differentiate DAI from other TBI mechanisms for improved therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of MEDLINE, textbooks, and scientific presentations.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Inclusion of in vitro and in vivo studies on TBI, focusing on axonal and glial injury.
  • Emphasis on studies detailing human pathology, animal models, and energy transmission in acceleration-deceleration injuries.

    • Main Results:

    • DAI is not a diffuse injury but predominantly affects discrete brain regions after high-speed, long-duration deceleration.
    • Histological findings in humans show widespread axonal damage in the brainstem, cerebral cortex, corpus callosum, and gray-white matter junctions.
    • Initial CT and MRI scans are often normal; brain deformation due to plastic flow explains micropathologic and radiologic findings.

    Conclusions:

    • DAI is a key feature of TBI from transportation and sports-related injuries.
    • Differentiating DAI from other TBI types (anoxic, contusion, etc.) is essential due to distinct cellular and biochemical pathways.
    • Understanding varied injury mechanisms may explain the limited success of TBI drug trials.