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New insights into the Far Eastern pattern of mortality.

M Gragnolati, I T Elo, N Goldman

    Population Studies
    |October 20, 2001
    PubMed
    Summary

    Male excess mortality in East Asia has declined significantly. Respiratory tuberculosis was a key factor in both the rise and fall of these sex differences, with public health improvements playing a crucial role.

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    Area of Science:

    • Demography
    • Epidemiology
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Historically high male excess mortality observed in Far Eastern populations during the 1960s-1970s.
    • Significant decline in these sex differences in mortality over subsequent decades.

    Observation:

    • Analysis of cause-of-death data from Hong Kong, Singapore, and Taiwan.
    • Investigation into diseases contributing to the existence and attenuation of male excess mortality.

    Findings:

    • Respiratory tuberculosis identified as the primary cause for the existence and decline of male excess mortality.
    • Liver and cardiovascular diseases also contribute, though their roles are less definitive.
    • No single risk factor adequately explains the initial large sex differences in mortality.

    Implications:

    • Public health and biomedical advancements, particularly in tuberculosis control, are strongly linked to the reduction in male excess mortality.
    • Understanding these historical patterns informs current public health strategies for sex-specific mortality.
    • Further research needed to fully elucidate the complex interplay of factors influencing sex differences in mortality.

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