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The Leipzig anatomist Werner Spalteholz (1861-1940) started studies on the anastomoses between the coronary arteries of the heart in 1906. He confirmed the thesis, that "the transparency of tissues depends first of all on the refraction index of permeating liquid", and began to produce transparent organ specimens. The 1st International Hygiene Exposition 1911 in Dresden showed 370 speciments produced by Spalteholz and was a great success. Later Spalteholz worked in the scientific Council of the Hygiene Museum. The exhibition"Transparent man", shown in 1925, testified to the great extent of knowledge that was passed on to the population with the help of these speciments. The "transparent human being" was not only an attractive and instructive collection for exhibition and educational purposes, but also a didactic concept. Fritz Tschackert (1887-1958) created the "transparent man' for the 2nd International Hygiene Exposition in Dresden in 1930. Today the "transparent woman" is the highlight of the museum's permanent exhibition.