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Updated: Sep 28, 2026

Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Biliary Drainage: Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Hepaticogastrostomy in Malignant Biliary Obstruction
07:44

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Published on: March 25, 2022

[Bulgary-Italy medical relationships]

M Apostolov, P Ivanova

    Medicina Nei Secoli
    |January 1, 1991
    PubMed

    The story of Bulgarian physician Ivan Raev is indicative to define the importance of medical relations between Italy and Bulgary. Ivan Raev was the inventor of the "Bulgarian cure" for treating lethargic encephalitis, and he obtained a lot of remarkable results also in Italy, working in Queen Elena di Savoia's service, and studying epilepsy and tuberculosis. With Ivan Raev and many other healers, popular Bulgarian medicine married the official one, giving her dates and methods. These methods showed their efficacy in curing patients not only in the biological context but also in the social one.

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