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HIV-1 subtypes in Denmark.

R Machuca1, M Bøgh, M Salminen

  • 1Department of Virology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases
|October 24, 2001
PubMed
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This study found diverse HIV-1 subtypes in Denmark, with non-B subtypes traceable to high-prevalence countries. This highlights the global diversity of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 infections. Keywords: HIV-1 subtypes, Denmark, viral diversity.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Denmark has historically reported predominantly subtype B Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) infections.
  • Increased global travel and migration necessitate monitoring for the presence of diverse HIV-1 subtypes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and genetic diversity of non-subtype B HIV-1 strains circulating in Denmark.
  • To identify the origins of detected non-subtype B HIV-1 infections.

Main Methods:

  • PCR amplification and direct sequencing of the C2-V3-C3 env gene region from patient proviral DNA.
  • Phylogenetic analysis using the PHYLIP 3.1 package with the neighbour-joining method and 100 bootstraps.
  • Comparison of obtained sequences with reference strains from all known HIV-1 subtypes.

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Main Results:

  • Sequences were obtained from 129 out of 144 (90%) patients suspected of non-subtype B HIV-1 infection.
  • Phylogenetic analysis revealed a wide range of subtypes: 38% subtype A, 30% subtype C, 12% subtype B, 11% CRF01_AE, 7% subtype D, and 1% each of subtypes F and J.
  • All identified non-subtype B infections were linked to travel from countries with a high prevalence of these specific subtypes.

Conclusions:

  • Denmark harbors a diverse spectrum of HIV-1 subtypes, not limited to the previously dominant subtype B.
  • The presence of non-subtype B HIV-1 strains is associated with international transmission and can be traced to their countries of origin.
  • Ongoing surveillance for HIV-1 genetic diversity is crucial for effective public health interventions and treatment strategies.