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Updated: Aug 7, 2026

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05:53

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Published on: July 6, 2013

Four cases of CMV ureteritis: emergence of a new pattern of disease?

M C Thomas1, G R Russ, T H Mathew

  • 1Renal Unit, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, Australia. mdorbell@hotmail.com

Clinical Transplantation
|October 27, 2001
PubMed

Insights

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) ureteritis is an emerging complication in kidney transplant patients, presenting as obstructive nephropathy or mimicking allograft rejection. This rare urinary tract involvement highlights evolving challenges in post-transplant care.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Transplant Surgery
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a frequent complication following renal transplantation.
  • Urinary tract involvement by CMV, particularly ureteritis, has been historically rare in this patient population.

Observation:

  • This study reports four new cases of symptomatic CMV ureteritis in renal transplant recipients.
  • These cases add to the limited number previously documented, with all reported cases occurring within the last five years.

Findings:

  • CMV ureteritis often presents as obstructive nephropathy, frequently without systemic signs of CMV disease.
  • The condition can also manifest with symptoms resembling allograft rejection, even with minimal urinary obstruction.

Implications:

  • CMV ureteritis may be an emerging complication of CMV disease in renal transplant recipients.
  • Changes in transplant practices might be contributing to the increased incidence of this rare complication.

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