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Related Experiment Videos

Longitudinal study on pubertal insulin resistance.

M I Goran1, B A Gower

  • 1Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA. goran@usc.edu

Diabetes
|October 27, 2001
PubMed
Summary

Puberty significantly reduces insulin sensitivity (S(I)) by 32% and increases acute insulin response (AIR) in children progressing through Tanner stages. These pubertal changes in insulin dynamics occur independently of body fat, sex, or ethnicity.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Health
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Cross-sectional studies indicate reduced insulin sensitivity (S(I)) during puberty.
  • Longitudinal data detailing these pubertal metabolic changes are lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To longitudinally assess changes in insulin sensitivity (S(I)), acute insulin response (AIR), and disposition index (DI) during pubertal progression in children.
  • To investigate the influence of Tanner stage progression on metabolic parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of 60 children (Tanner stage I to III/IV) over 2 years.
  • Insulin sensitivity (S(I)), AIR, and DI measured using the tolbutamide-modified intravenous glucose tolerance test and minimal modeling.
  • Body composition assessed via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography; hormone levels analyzed.

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Main Results:

  • Children progressing to Tanner stage III showed a 32% decrease in S(I), a 30% increase in AIR, and a 27% decrease in DI.
  • Fasting glucose and insulin levels significantly increased in progressing children.
  • Children remaining at Tanner stage I exhibited stable S(I), AIR, and fasting glucose/insulin.
  • Pubertal S(I) reduction was consistent across sex, ethnicity, and obesity levels.

Conclusions:

  • Pubertal transition is associated with significant declines in insulin sensitivity and disposition index, alongside increased insulin secretion.
  • The observed metabolic shifts during puberty are largely independent of body fat changes, sex, or ethnicity.
  • A reduced disposition index suggests potential beta-cell adaptation or inadequacy in response to decreased insulin sensitivity during puberty.